- 1). Increase the amount of drainage around the tree if the soil is not draining properly. Remove 6 inches of topsoil, without damaging the roots and replace with a well-draining soil. Well-draining soil usually has some sand or perlite in it and feels like a wrung-out sponge when squeezed. Apply 3 to 4 inches of an organic mulch, like straw, around the base of the tree to help the water drain.
- 2). Inspect the tree for insect invasion. Canadian hemlock is susceptible to scale, weevil and mite infestations, particularly if they are weakened by overwatering. Spray a narrow-range, horticultural oil on the leaves to eliminate scales. Prune all weevil-infested branches and burn them or dispose of them in a sealed trash bag. Spray a chemical insecticide on the tree to eliminate mites. Look for insecticides with ingredients like orthene or permethrin.
- 3). Prune off any branches that have cankers on them. Cankers are caused by fungus or damage to the branches. Trees that are unhealthy can develop cankers.
- 4). Water the tree regularly. Do not allow it to dry out. Give the tree 6 inches of water weekly in average conditions, but water more in hot conditions or in particularly sandy soil.
- 5). Fertilize the tree with a balanced fertilizer. Avoid using a fertilizer high in nitrogen; this increases the likelihood of an insect infestation.
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