Make Up

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The makeup, as well as cosmetics, is very old, probably used from Prehistory to practice shamanic rituals, funerary cults or cults fertilidade1.
Three thousand years before Christ, the Egyptians already knew the makeup: lipstick, bleach and light makeup, makeup to enhance your eyes and eyebrows (the base lead, malachite, antimony, Kohl ), blush blush to the cheeks ( the from vegetable products like rose petals or poppies; amines as mealy bug larva, or mineral, such as clay, copper oxide or iron ocher ) powders were mixed with oils or ointments. Pigments were also used for makeup: the blue copper oxide, auripigmento yellow, carbon black, green and malachite the more numerous shades obtained from the oxides of copper or ferro2.
Caravans carried silk and spices to Europe introduced cosmetics and makeup in Greece ( she did not truly develop until the early third century, before being an attribute of courtesans ) and the Roman Empire ( Nero and Poppaea Sabina with their makeup the same products in the first century ): the makeup for face, Kohl, was replaced by a saffron -based makeup, antimony, burnt cork, soot or ashes; blush blush across the cheeks of crushed blackberries or cinnabar. Many seasonal products based on metals ( lead, mercury ) were toxic, spoiling the appearance of the skin and causing premature aging of the same. Among the writings on cosmetics of the time: The Art of Loving, The remedies of love, beauty products for the woman's face, Ovid, were lost. The activity of makeup, which aimed to meet an ideal of beauty, was subject to religious and philosophical controversies of the Greek era.
Was crossed with the return of the makeup spread across northern Europe, where it was only used when painting for rituals. Since the eighteenth century, the nobles used facial bases, painting hair and perfume. In the sixteenth century, women used white powder, red cheeks and lips, a mixture of cochineal dye. Eyes, unlike the previous period, never were doctored in order to not hide " the window of the soul."
Since the seventeenth century, the makeup is used by all social classes. The wealthy used gems in their makeup like powder of gold, silver and precious stones. The manuals of civility of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries recommend not open his mouth, symbol of orality and animality, due to rotting teeth since the introduction of sugar in the West, so the makeup hid her mouth in these centuries. The makeups based metallic substances, borrowed the arts of paintings and miniatures, continued to be very toxic, as we illustrate by citing " sublimate of mercury ", common in the sixteenth century.
Modern makeup became popular through films of the 1920s.
Still in the early nineteenth century, cosmetics contained lead, but modern products are tested in laboratories and manufactured with neutral resources as talc, kaolin and rice starch, to which are added oils and synthetic dyes.

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