There is a wide range of sump pump types to choose from and that makes determining which one is right for a particular basement quite a challenge. Before spending money on a certain type or model it is best to know what each does and how it works, because this could be the difference between a flooded and dry basement. Generally speaking, all pumps have to be able to pump water away from the basement so that the area does not flood, but many factors will influence which type of sump pump will be able to do the job. Some of the types available include pedestal, water powered, floor sucker, submersible, electric and battery powered versions. There are also variations in regards to the materials used to construct the pump and there are models available constructed of, for example, fiberglass, plastic or cast iron.

Each type of this useful appliance has its own unique features that can be beneficial in some situations. However, those same features can put the owner at a disadvantage in other situations. For example, an electric powered sump pump does a homeowner no good during a power outage. One of the cheapest kinds of pumps to own that can also turn on automatically is the water powered variant. These types have a float switch that, when triggered, activates the pumping mechanism. Since it is run by water pressure from the building's plumbing system, there are low maintenance costs.

All sump pump types can have a submersible or pedestal construction. The pedestal type is the easiest to install, because it can be placed anywhere above ground. They are always electric powered, but the motor is located on the top so any contact with water is prevented. These pumps turn on automatically if the built-in float is triggered by water. Since no supervision is required, this pump type is ideal for residential or commercial basements that flood often or which are not always controlled. On the downside, electric powered pedestal sump pumps make a lot of noise.