- 1). Choose your garden plot. The garden needs at least six hours of sunlight every day. The soil should drain well and not have a hard subsoil like shale or rock so that puddles don't form after rain or watering. Avoid areas with high wind and try to place the garden so that it's close to a water supply.
- 2). Prepare the soil. Wait until the garden area is relatively dry. Use a tiller or a shovel and hoe, depending on the size of the garden, to break up the soil. Work organic material like manure that has been composted or household waste into the dirt. Apply a commercial fertilizer according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- 3). Water the dirt well and let it rest for about a week, then test the soil's pH. Take a sample to your garden store or buy a test kit. The pH should be around 7.5. Lower means the soil is too acid. Sulfur is commonly used to lower the alkalinity of soil, and lime is used to lower the acidity.
- 4). Till the soil again and rake it smooth.
- 5). Build a fence that's high enough to keep dogs and other animals out. Make sure the mesh is fine enough so that small animals can't get through it. You can use the fence as a trellis for climbing plants that need support.
- 6). Draw a plan for your garden. Ideally, rows should run east to west so you can plant taller vegetables such as corn at the north side so they doesn't shade the shorter plants.
- 7). Lay out the garden rows with stakes and line. Build trellises and put stakes in where plants will need to be supported. Create mounds where vines will be planted. Make sure you have established walkways.
- 8). Water the garden thoroughly before you plant. Follow the directions on seed packages for planting. Set seedlings in holes that are slightly larger than their root ball. Firm the soil around the plant.
- 9). Label the rows and then water the garden with a fine mist so that the plants and soil are wet but the seeds are not disturbed.
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