- According to the American Psychological Association, clinical psychologists strive to understand, predict and alleviate psychological problems by working with individuals of all ages, and from various cultures and socioeconomic levels. They help people adjust to their situations and achieve personal growth. Clinical psychologists may be researchers or teachers, and they can develop programs to promote the psychological health of individuals, families and groups. Those with a bachelor's degree in clinical psychology are eligible to assist licensed psychologists and may work in community organizations like mental health facilities.
Master's degree holders may also work as psychological therapy practitioners under the supervision of a licensed psychologist. To obtain a license in clinical psychology, the individual must earn a Ph.D. or Psy.D. - Most psychology majors practice in the area of clinical psychology. Clinical psychologists assess, diagnose and treat mental disorders. They also promote the prevention of mental disorders. Clinical psychologists may administer diagnostic tests in their private offices to understand the patient's needs and provide a diagnosis and treatment. Other assessments include behavioral assessments and interviews. Clinical psychologists use interventions to prevent, treat or correct problems. These interventions may include such methods as psychoanalysis, group therapy and biofeedback. The goal is to have patients adapt to situations and become more satisfied with their lives.
- School psychologists work with parents, teachers and other school staff to support students and design a safe learning environment. They may work at any level of education, from early childhood through secondary school. School psychologists address the learning and behavioral problems of students. In addition, the school psychologist strives to improve teaching and learning and may evaluate academic and prevention programs. They may also assist with behavior management and classroom management.
- Health psychologists specialize in a particular area of clinical psychology. They concentrate on how biological and social factors, as well as psychological factors, affect the patient's health or lead to illness. Health psychologists provide counseling in order to prevent disease and encourage a healthy lifestyle. They may also deal with patients who are undergoing treatment for an illness, discussing their quality of life.
- Clinical psychologists may also specialize in neuropsychology. Neuropsychologists look into the relationship between the person's brain and behavior. Another specialization within clinical psychology is the psychology of the elderly. Geropsychologists treat the special problems of elderly patients. Other clinical psychologists specialize in such fields as learning disabilities or substance abuse.
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